晋太宗宣武帝实录28 (第2/2页)
其父，非民之父哉？若如此，何以仪刑四海，取法将来耶？ 陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人知过矣。 chenmu：TheDukeofTaiyuanviolatedthesystem，andIwanttoexempthimfrompunishment，Sirwhatdoyouthink？ xiaofan：Idon‘tthinkthereareanysmallthingsabouttheking，Hisactionscouldnotexceedthelaw，Youarehisfather，butaren‘tyouthefatherofthepeople？Ifso，howdoyouregulatetheworldandsetanexampleforfuturegenerations。 chenmu：Sirisright，Iwaswrong。 陈牧：寡人闻，周公吐脯，天下归心，何也？先生教我。 萧凡：臣以为，周公，文王之子也，武王之弟也，又为天子相，其于天下重矣，然尚一沐而三握发，一食而三吐哺，犹恐失天下之士也，吾闻之曰：德行广大而守以恭者荣，土地博裕而守以俭者安，禄位尊盛而守以卑者贵，人众兵强而守以畏者胜，聪明睿智而守以愚者益，博闻多记而守以浅者广。此六守者，皆谦德也。夫贵为天子，富有四海，不谦者，失天下，亡其身，桀、纣是也，可不慎乎？ 陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。 chenmu：Iheard，ZhouGongtreatsotherswiththeutmostsincerity，Therefore，everyoneintheworldadmiresandadmireshim，Sirtaughtmewhy？ xiaofan：Ithink，DukeZhouwasthesonofKingWenandtheyoungerbrotherofKingWu，HewasalsotheprimeministeroftheZhouDynastywithaverynoblestatusandgreatpower，Buthedidn‘thavetimetowashhishairandeateverytimeinordertoreceivethesages，Becausehewasafraidthatthesageswouldleave，Iheard，Onlythosewhoarevirtuousandcautiouswillbeglorified，Onlythosewhohavevastlandandarefrugalwillbesafe，Onlythosewhoareofhighstatusandhumblewillbehonored，Onlythosewhohaveastrongarmybutknowfearwillwin，Onlyamanwhoisknowledgeablebutmodestcangofar，Theseareallsignsofhumility，JieandZhouwerenobleemperorsandrichallovertheworld，Buttheylostthecountryandwerekilledbecausetheydidn‘tknowmodesty，Therefore，youhavetopayattentiontoit。
chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。 陈牧：寡人闻，治国有二机，何也？先生教我。 萧凡：臣以为，刑德是也，王者尚其德而希其刑，霸者刑德并凑，强国先其刑而后德。夫刑德者，化之所由兴也，德者，养善而进阙者也，刑者，惩恶而禁后者也，故德化之崇者至于赏，刑罚之甚者至于诛。夫诛赏者，所以别贤不肖而列有功与无功也，故诛赏不可以缪，诛赏缪则善恶乱矣。夫有功而不赏，则善不劝；有过而不诛，则恶不惧；善不劝，恶不惧，而能以行化乎天下者，未尝闻也。 陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。 chenmu：Iheard，Therearetwoimportantaspectstogoverningthecountry，Sirtaughtmewhatitwas？ xiaofan：Ithinkitismoraleducationandcriminallaw，TheHolyKingadvocatedmoraleducationandrarelyusedpunishment，TheOverlordputsthetwoonanequalfooting，Powerfulcountriespaymoreattentiontopunishmentthanmoraleducation，Ifyouwanttoeducatetheworld，moralityandcriminallawareveryimportant，Moralityisaboutnurturingthegoodandinfluencingthebad，Criminallawpunishesthebadguysanddetersothers，Therefore，theultimateinmoraleducationisreward，Theultimatepunishmentisthedeathpenalty，Therewardanddeathpenaltyarethecriteriausedtodistinguishthegoodfromthebad，Anditisusedtodistinguishbetweenmeritandfault，Therefore，rewardsandthedeathpenaltycannotbewrong，Otherwisetheworldwillbeinchaos，Ifthosewhohavemeritarenotrewarded，thengoodpeoplewillnotmotivateeachother，Ifthesinnerisnotkilled，thenthebadmanwillnotbeafraid，Itisimpossiblenottomotivatethegoodandnottopunishthebadbuttogovernthecountrywell。 chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。